20 commodities
Agriculture
Grains, oilseeds, sugar, coffee, cocoa, cotton, rubber, and other soft commodities that form the foundation of global food and fiber supply chains.
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Browse agriculture.
- Wheat (Milling)Milling wheat is a high-protein wheat variety used for bread, pasta, and baked goods. Protein content (typically 11-14%) determines suitability for different flour applications. Black Sea wheat has become the world's most competitive export origin, while US Hard Red Winter and Canadian Western Red Spring are premium grades.Russia, United States, Canada
- Wheat (Feed)Feed wheat is a lower-protein wheat grade used in animal nutrition, particularly for poultry and livestock rations. It is typically sourced from the Black Sea region and Europe at a discount to milling wheat. Feed wheat competes with corn as an energy source in feed formulations.Russia, Ukraine, France
- Corn/MaizeCorn (maize) is the world's most produced cereal grain, used for animal feed, ethanol production, and food ingredients. US Yellow Corn No.2 is the global benchmark. Brazil has emerged as a major second-crop (safrinha) exporter, competing with US and Argentine supplies.United States, Brazil, Argentina
- SoybeansSoybeans are the world's most important oilseed, crushed to produce soybean meal (animal feed) and soybean oil (cooking, biodiesel). Brazil has overtaken the US as the largest exporter. GMO vs. non-GMO origin commands significant price differentials in European and Asian markets.Brazil, United States, Argentina
- Soybean MealSoybean meal is the dominant protein source in global animal feed formulations, containing 44-48% crude protein. It is produced as a co-product of soybean crushing alongside soybean oil. Argentina is the world's largest exporter, benefiting from its differential export tax structure.Argentina, Brazil, United States
- Soybean OilSoybean oil is the second most consumed vegetable oil globally, used in cooking, food processing, and increasingly as biodiesel feedstock. Crude degummed soybean oil is the primary traded form, with refining done at destination. US biofuel mandates have significantly boosted domestic demand.Argentina, Brazil, United States
- Rice (Long Grain)Long grain rice is a staple food for billions, characterized by grains three to five times longer than wide. Thailand's Hom Mali, Vietnamese 5% broken, and US long grain are major export grades. Rice is one of the most trade-restricted commodities, with export bans common during supply shocks.Thailand, Vietnam, India
- Rice (Basmati)Basmati is a premium aromatic long-grain rice cultivated in the Indo-Gangetic plains of India and Pakistan. Its distinctive nutty fragrance and elongation upon cooking (1.7-2x) command significant premiums. India accounts for roughly 65% of global basmati exports.India, Pakistan
- Sugar (Raw)Raw sugar is unrefined cane sugar traded on the ICE No.11 contract, the global benchmark. Brazil's Center-South region produces over 40% of global exports. Raw sugar is refined at destination into white sugar. Ethanol parity in Brazil creates a floor price as mills divert cane between sugar and ethanol.Brazil, India, Thailand
- Sugar (Refined/ICUMSA 45)Refined white sugar with ICUMSA 45 color rating is the highest quality trade standard, used directly in food and beverage production. It is produced either by refining raw sugar or by direct white sugar production at origin. The ICE No.5 (London White Sugar) is the benchmark contract.Brazil, India, Thailand
- Palm Oil (CPO)Crude Palm Oil is the world's most produced and traded vegetable oil, extracted from the fruit of oil palm trees. Indonesia and Malaysia together account for over 85% of global production. CPO is used in food manufacturing, oleochemicals, and biodiesel. Bursa Malaysia Derivatives is the key pricing benchmark.Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand
- Palm Oil (RBD)Refined, Bleached, and Deodorized (RBD) palm oil is the processed form of CPO, suitable for direct use in cooking, food manufacturing, and industrial applications. RBD palm olein (the liquid fraction) is widely used as cooking oil in tropical countries.Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand
- Sunflower OilSunflower oil is a light, healthy cooking oil rich in vitamin E and unsaturated fatty acids. Ukraine and Russia are the dominant exporters, together supplying over 75% of global trade. The 2022 Black Sea disruption highlighted the concentration risk in sunflower oil supply chains.Ukraine, Russia, Argentina
- Rapeseed/Canola OilRapeseed (canola) oil is a premium vegetable oil valued for its low saturated fat content and neutral flavor. Canada is the world's largest canola exporter. The oil is used in food manufacturing, biodiesel production, and industrial lubricants. EU biodiesel mandates are a major demand driver.Canada, European Union, Australia
- Coffee (Arabica)Arabica coffee accounts for roughly 60% of global coffee production, grown at higher altitudes with a milder, more nuanced flavor profile. Brazil is the largest producer, with Colombian and Central American washed Arabicas commanding specialty premiums. ICE KC (New York) is the benchmark futures contract.Brazil, Colombia, Ethiopia
- Coffee (Robusta)Robusta coffee is a hardier, higher-caffeine species grown at lower altitudes, used primarily in instant coffee and espresso blends. Vietnam is the world's largest Robusta producer and exporter. ICE Robusta (London) serves as the benchmark. Robusta prices have surged as blenders increase its share in formulations.Vietnam, Brazil, Indonesia
- Cocoa BeansCocoa beans are the raw material for chocolate, cocoa butter, and cocoa powder. West Africa (Ivory Coast, Ghana) produces over 60% of the world's cocoa. Quality is determined by bean count, fermentation, moisture, and free fatty acid levels. ICE NY Cocoa and ICE London Cocoa are the benchmark contracts.Ivory Coast, Ghana, Ecuador
- CottonCotton is the world's leading natural fiber, used in textile and apparel manufacturing. Quality is classified by staple length, micronaire, strength, and color grade. US Pima and Egyptian Giza extra-long-staple cottons are the premium grades. ICE Cotton No.2 (New York) is the benchmark contract.United States, Brazil, India
- Rubber (Natural)Natural rubber is harvested from Hevea brasiliensis trees as latex, processed into Technically Specified Rubber (TSR) or Ribbed Smoked Sheets (RSS). It is essential for tire manufacturing, which consumes over 70% of global output. Thailand, Indonesia, and Vietnam dominate production.Thailand, Indonesia, Vietnam
- Cashew NutsCashew nuts are a high-value tree nut traded as raw cashew nuts (RCN) for processing and as processed kernels for consumer markets. Vietnam is the world's largest processor, while West African countries (Ivory Coast, Tanzania) are the top RCN producers. Kernel grades follow the AFI classification system.Vietnam, India, Ivory Coast
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