Aluminum Ingots

Aluminum ingots are cast blocks of primary aluminum produced from smelting alumina via electrolysis. They are remelted by foundries and fabricators to produce automotive parts, construction materials, and consumer goods. Standard ingots are 99.7% purity, traded at LME prices plus regional premiums.

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P1020 (99.7%)High Purity (99.85%)A7 IngotFoundry AlloyCIFFOBCFR
Quick Facts

Aluminum Ingots at a Glance

Common Origins
ChinaRussiaIndiaUnited Arab EmiratesCanada
Common Destinations
JapanUnited StatesGermanySouth KoreaItaly
Grades & Specifications
P1020 (99.7%)High Purity (99.85%)A7 IngotFoundry Alloy
INCOTERMS
CIFFOBCFR
Unit of Measure
Metric Tons
Price Drivers

What Moves Aluminum Ingots Pricing

Aluminum prices off LME 3-month plus physical premiums: Midwest Premium (US), Rotterdam Duty Paid Premium (Europe), Main Japanese Port Premium (Asia). Power costs dominate marginal production economics — about 30-40% of all-in cost is electricity. Chinese smelting capacity and the Yunnan dry-season hydropower constraints periodically swing global supply. EU CBAM (Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism) is creating durable premium dispersion between low-carbon and conventional aluminum.

Contract Structure

How Aluminum Ingots Cargoes Are Priced and Settled

Standard aluminum P1020A ingots are 22-23 kg with 99.7% minimum purity. Cargoes ship in 25-tonne containers or bulk parcels of 500-2,000 tonnes. Pricing is LME M+1 average plus regional premium. Annual contracts negotiate the premium through Q4 of the prior year. Increasingly, low-carbon premiums (for hydro-powered smelter material) are negotiated separately.

Quality & Disputes

Aluminum Ingots Specifications and Dispute Practice

P1020A is the global standard at 99.7% Al, with iron and silicon as primary tramp elements. Disputes commonly arise around iron content above 0.20%, silicon above 0.10%, and physical defects (drosses, hot cracks). LME-registered brand status is critical — non-registered brands trade at $40-80/tonne discount in many markets.

Trade Flows

Where Aluminum Ingots Comes From and Where It Goes

Top exporters: China (despite a 15% export tax on primary aluminum, exports continue via re-export of value-added forms), UAE (EGA), India (Vedanta, Hindalco), Russia (Rusal — sanctions-affected), Bahrain (ALBA). Top importers: US (post-Section 232 tariff regime), Japan, Korea, Germany, Italy. Mexican smelting and rolling has grown as a tariff-bypass route into the US.

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More in Metals

Copper Cathodes

Copper cathodes are 99.99% pure electrolytic copper plates, the final product of copper smelting and refining. They are the primary traded form of refined copper, used as feedstock by wire rod mills, brass mills, and foundries. LME Grade A cathodes are the global benchmark.

Copper Wire Rod

Copper wire rod is a semi-finished product manufactured by continuous casting and rolling of refined copper. It is the starting material for electrical wire, cable, and conductor manufacturing. Wire rod quality is defined by oxygen content, with oxygen-free copper (OFC) commanding premium pricing.

Copper Concentrate

Copper concentrate is a semi-processed ore product containing 20-40% copper, produced by crushing, grinding, and flotation of copper-bearing rock. It is the primary feedstock for copper smelters worldwide. Treatment and refining charges (TC/RCs) are a key element of pricing negotiations.

Copper Scrap

Copper scrap is recycled copper sourced from electrical cables, plumbing, demolition, and manufacturing off-cuts. Classified by ISRI codes (e.g., Birch for No.1 bare bright, Candy for No.2 copper), it accounts for roughly 30% of global copper supply and is critical for sustainable metal production.

Aluminum Billets

Aluminum billets are solid cylindrical logs produced by continuous casting, used as feedstock for extrusion presses to create profiles for construction, automotive, and industrial applications. Alloy grades like 6063 and 6061 dominate the market, with billet diameter typically ranging from 127mm to 406mm.

Aluminum Scrap

Aluminum scrap is recycled aluminum collected from beverage cans, automotive components, construction debris, and manufacturing residues. Secondary aluminum production from scrap uses 95% less energy than primary smelting, making it a critical sustainability feedstock. ISRI codes (Taint/Tabor, Tense, Twitch) classify quality.

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