Trade commodities in Indonesia
Indonesia is the world's largest exporter of palm oil, thermal coal, and nickel, making it a cornerstone of global commodity supply chains. The country also exports significant volumes of tin, rubber, and cocoa. Rich in mineral and agricultural resources, Indonesia plays a critical role in feeding global demand for energy and industrial raw materials.
What Indonesia sells and buys.
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Indonesia's commodity trade profile
Indonesia is the world's largest exporter of palm oil, thermal coal, and (since the 2014 raw-ore ban and subsequent NPI/matte buildout) processed nickel. Tin, rubber, cocoa, coffee, and increasingly processed bauxite and copper concentrate add to the export mix. Coal export ban episodes (January 2022) caused global price spikes. The 2020 raw nickel ore export ban catalyzed the smelting/refining buildup that made Indonesia the dominant battery-metals supplier.
How commodity trade works in Indonesia
ICDX (Indonesia Commodity and Derivatives Exchange) hosts physical and derivatives trade including the Indonesia Crude Palm Oil contract. The Domestic Market Obligation (DMO) on coal and palm oil ties export licenses to domestic supply commitments: major trader compliance burden. The export levy on palm oil funds the BPDP-KS body which subsidizes domestic biodiesel.
Trading with Indonesia counterparties
Payment customs: LC at sight standard. PEB (export declaration) is mandatory; SKA (origin certificate) for FTA preferences. Indonesian rupiah weakness episodes drive favorable export economics. Dispute resolution: BANI (Indonesian National Arbitration Board) Jakarta, or Singapore SIAC for international contracts (most contracts choose Singapore seat).
Trading in Indonesia.
- Major ports
- Tanjung Priok (Jakarta)
- Tanjung Perak (Surabaya)
- Belawan
- Balikpapan
- Makassar
- Free trade zones
- Batam Free Trade Zone
- Bintan Free Trade Zone
- Karimun Free Trade Zone
- Tanjung Emas SEZ
- Key regulations
- Indonesia's Ministry of Trade regulates commodity exports, including export levies on palm oil and bans on raw nickel ore exports to encourage domestic processing. The Indonesia Commodity and Derivatives Exchange (ICDX) facilitates commodity trading.
Find the exporters and importers in Indonesia.
The CTX Directory maps the companies headquartered in Indonesia and the ones that buy from it, by commodity and role, with the decision-makers to unlock.
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